1.*spirit ['spɪrɪt]

n. 精神，心灵；灵魂；情绪（spirits）

spiritual adj. 精神的，心灵的

2.spur [spɜː]

n. 马刺；鼓舞，刺激

v. 刺激，激励，促进

Rising consumer sales have the effect of spurring the economy to faster growth.

上升的零售量能够刺激经济更加快速地增长。

3.*inspire [ɪn'spaɪə]

vt. 鼓舞；启示，使产生灵感

He was inspired by the way the wares were displayed.

他从商品陈列的方式里有所启发。

inspiration n. 灵感，鼓舞

4.*encourage [ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ]

vt. 鼓励，激励；促进，助长

When things aren’t going well, he encourages me, telling me not to give up.

当事情不顺利的时候，他鼓励我，告诉我不要放弃。

5.discourage [dɪs'kʌrɪdʒ]

vt. 阻止；使气馁

Never be discouraged with life.

不要对生活丧失信心。

Low prices discourage industry.

低价阻碍工业发展。

6.aspire [ə'spaɪə]

v. 渴望，立志于

college students aspiring to careers in finance

有志于从事金融行业的大学毕业生

7.*eager ['iːgə]

adj. 渴望的，热切的

the children's eager faces

孩子们热切的脸庞

She sounded very eager to meet you.

她听起来很渴望见到你。

8.*desire [dɪ'zaɪə]

v./n. 欲望，要求，渴望

We all desire happiness and health.

我们都渴望幸福和健康。

9.conspire [kən'spaɪə]

v. 共谋，密谋策划

He felt that his colleagues were conspiring together to remove him from his job.

他觉得他的同事们在串通密谋把他从职位上赶下来。

conspiracy n. 阴谋，共谋

10.*expire [ɪk'spaɪə]

v. 期满，终止，死亡

My passport expires next month.

我的护照下个月到期。

expire date 截止日期，有效期

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