Text 1
Every Saturday morning，at 9 am，more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5 km around their local park. The Park run phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.Events are free，staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48seconds up to an hour.
Park run is succeeding where London's Olympic“legacy”is failing.'Ten years ago on Monday，it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to lever a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter，healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened.The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise，by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012—but the general population was growing faster. Worse，the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children.Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to"inspire a generation”. The success of Parkrun offers answers.
Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody.There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders，by contrast，wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.
Indeed,there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots"，concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government，it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts，and encouraging the provision of all
these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces,squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy，worthy strategies，future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.
21. According to Paragraph 1，Parkrun has（ ）
[A] gained great popularity
[B] created many jobs
[C] strengthened community ties
[D] become an official festival
22.The author believes that London's Olympic“legacy”has failed to（ ）
[A] boost population growth
[B] promote sport participation
[C] improve the city's image
[D] increase sport hours in schools
22. 23.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it（ ）
[A]aims at discovering talents
[B] focuses on mass competition
[C]does not emphasize elitism
[D] does not attract first-timers
24.With regard to mass sport，the author holds that governments should（ ）
[A] organize“grassroots"sports events
[B] supervise local sports associations
[C] increase funds for sports clubs
[D] invest in public sports facilities
25.The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is（ ）
[A] tolerant
[B] critical
[C] uncertain
[D]sympathetic
Text 1 参考答案
21.A【解析】由题干可以快速定位到文章的第一段,第一段讲了每周六有五万多人在他们当地的公园里跑步,跑步的年龄跨度之大:从4岁的小朋友到祖父母年纪的人都有;跑步所用的时间跨度也很大:从世界纪录的13分48秒到一个小时。由此可见,这是一个全民运动,与A选项的great popularity 相互对应,所以选A。B“创造了很多就业机会”,C“增强了社会的凝聚力”与D“成为一个官方的节日”在原文中都没有涉及,所以排除。
22.B【解析】可以发现第二段第一句话“Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic‘legacy 'is failing”与题千中的关键词London's Olympic"legacy"has failed to...对应,所以可以定位到文章的第二段。第二段前半部分讲在最初的时候Olympic的目标,但实际上却事与愿违, " but the general population was growing faster. Worse , the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate.”由这句话可以看出, Olympic并没有推动大众的参与性,与预期的目标不符,故选B。
23.C【解析】由题干中Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that ...可知,本题考查Parkrun和Olympic 的区别。追溯到原文,定位到第三段第一句“Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.”这里可以排除A、B项,因为A、B项都和竞争有关;D项定位到第三段中“There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is...”可知, Parkrun有很多第一次参加的人,所以排除D。根据文意可知,因为parkrun 不是比赛,所以就不重视elitism(精英主义) ,故选C。
24.D【解析】由题干中the governments should 可知,对于Parkrun 这项大众运动,政府应该做点什么。因此,应定位到原文中有关政府的段落,即第四段中“If there is a role for government,it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts , and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. ”从这里可知,作者希望政府能够为Parkrun提供场所和经费,并针对学校制定相关条例以鼓励全民运动,故选D。
25.B【解析】由题干中the author's attitude to what UK government have done for sport可再次定位到关于政府的部分。第四段一开始作者提出自己对政府的期许,但是事实上,政府却没有达到这一期许。原文第四段第三句提到"But successive government have presided over selling green spaces , squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. ”政府负责卖地,从地方政府压榨金钱,不重视学校的体育运动。由此可见,此处作者指责政府的一系列行为,故选B。
