With so much focus on children's use of screens，it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use.“Tech is designed to really suck you in,”says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play,“and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage，and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”

Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-childpairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation，she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.

Infants are wired to look at parents’faces to try to understand their world，and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the“still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed 'Tronick in the 1970s. In it，a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention.“Parents don't have to be exquisitely present at all times，but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child's verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need, ”says Radesky.

On the other hand，Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an“oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting”with their children:“It's based on a somewhat fantasized，very white，very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.”Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower，do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents，he says，can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some workout of the way. This can make them feel happier，which let them be more available to their child the rest of the time.

26. According to Jenny Radesky，digital products are designed to __.

[A] simplify routine matters

[B] absorb user attention

[C] better interpersonal relations

[D] increase work efficiency

27.Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers'use of devices __.

[A] takes away babies’appetite

[ B]distracts children's attention

[C] slows down babies’verbal development

[D] reduces mother-child communication

28.Radesky's cites the“still face experiment"to show that__.

[A]it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions

[B]verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange

[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’mood

[D] parents need to respond to children's emotional needs

29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to__.

[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies

[B] teach their kids at least 30, 000 words a year

[C]ensure constant interaction with their children

[D]remain concerned about kid's use of screens

30.According to 'Tronick，kid's use of screens may __.

[A]give their parents some free time

[B] make their parents more creative

[C] help them with their homework

[D] help them become more attentive

参考解析

26.B 【解析】题干考查的是设计数码产品的目的,定位到文中第一段第二行JennyRadesky 说:Tech is designed to really suck you in , and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement...电子产品就是为了促进最大程度的参与性,由此可以得出答案为B“为了吸引用户的注意力”,其余三个选项在Jenny Radesky 的话中都没有体现,故选B。

27.D【解析】由题干中关键词food-testing exercise , mother's use of devices可定位到第二段第二行“She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbaland 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.”可知,母亲使用手机会减少20%的语言交流机会和39%的非语言交流。结合选项,D项“减少了母亲和孩子之间的交流”符合题意,故选D。

28.D【解析】由题干关键词Radesky和still face experiment可定位到第三段,实验的结论在本段最后一句的but之后,这里提到"parents need to be responsive...emotional need”,父母需要对情感需求做出回应。结合选项,D项是原文的原词复现,所以D项正确;A项的 blank expressions是原文实验中的具体内容,并非实验表明;B项是最后一句的个别词干扰,排除B项;C项偷换概念,文中不是children are insensitive ,而是parents ,排除C项,故选D。

29.C【解析】由题干的关键词oppressive ideology 和Tronick 可定位到最后一段第一句that之后,其中 demands对应题干的requires。结合选项,C项的constant interaction对应原文的 always interacting ,是对原文的同义改写,所以正确;A项的fantasies是定位句下一句的个别词干扰,排除A项;原文第四段提到压制性的意识形态认为父母与孩子的语言交流要达到3万词的量,而非要教会孩子3万个单词,排除B项;原文中的“对孩子使用数字产品的担忧”是压制性意识形态所表现出来的结果,并非题目要求的“对父母提出的要求”,排除D项。因此选C。

30.A【解析】根据题干中Tronick 及 kid定位到最后一段的倒数第三句,破折号后面解释了kid's use of screens的具体目的。“it gives parents time to...”与A项完全一致,属于原文的文的原词复现。原文没有提及“使父母更具创造力”的内容,排除B项。原文最后一段主要讲数字产品对父母的好处,并非对孩子的好处,并且没有提到可以帮助孩子完成家庭作业,以及帮助孩子变得更加专注的相关信息,排除C、D项。